Vatican City
RNS
After nearly 50 days of a nation-wide lockdown to prevent the spread of COVID-19, the Italian Government is beginning to outline “Phase Two”, which will allow the opening of some businesses and freedom of movement for currently home-bound citizens – but which will not allow Masses.
The leading coalition in Italy has decided that starting on 4th May, citizens will be able to leave the house freely without documentation and hold small wedding and funerals. Restaurants and other shops will open at half-capacity in mid-May; nothing has yet been said about gyms, cinemas and parks.
But what emerged from the consultation between governments and private entities is that religious gatherings and Masses will remain forbidden, at least for the time being.
Don Carlo Purgatorio and his aides celebrate Easter Sunday Mass from the rooftop of Santa Emerenziana church for Romans to participate from their balconies, in Rome, Sunday, on 12th April. PICTURE: AP Photo/Luigi Navarra.
The Italian Prime Minister, Giuseppe Conte, told reporters in a press conference on Sunday that this was the result of “rigidity” within the scientific and technical committee charged with preventing the spread of the pandemic.
The news came as a blow for Italian Catholic bishops, who had consulted with the government for weeks to ensure that their religious freedom be respected as soon as the virus was under control.
“The Church has accepted, with sorrow and a sense of duty, the limitations imposed by the government to address the health emergency,” read a note by the Italian Episcopal Conference (Cei) on Sunday, but the agreement did not come without some pushback.
“The Italian bishops cannot accept to see religious freedom is compromised,” they added, reminding the Italian Government and its ministers of the essential work done by clergy and the Catholic Church to help and support the poor in the country.
The bishops told the government and health committee to distinguish their responsibility for ensuring public safety from that of the church, which is “called to organize the life of the Christian community, in respect of public measures, but with the fullness of its autonomy.”
The Prime Minister acknowledged the bishops’ request by stating that “in the following days a protocol will be established to allow the participation of faithful in liturgical celebration as soon as possible and with the maximum security”.
Bishops in Italy have, for the most part, respected government-imposed regulations limiting church attendance. Pope Francis and the Vatican Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith encouraged faithful to look for alternatives for living out their faith, from prayer to confession.
The head of Cei, Cardinal Gualtiero Bassetti, asked in his Sunday homily that priests be able to return to administering the sacraments soon.
“Lord we need you! We need your action and your words: We hope to soon return to celebrating the Eucharist! We ask from the heart,” he said.
Some prelates have criticised the government’s decision to ban Masses, stating that museums and restaurants – which are scheduled to reopen on 18th May – are just as dangerous as Masses.
The bishop of the Tuscan city of Livorno, Simone Giusti, called the Italian government’s decision “a theatre of the absurd” while speaking to local news outlets on Monday.
Given the large number and size of churches in Italy, Giusti challenged the “government’s incomprehensible and pernicious limitations of personal and collective freedoms: The Christian is a citizen of the Republic like anybody else, with the same duties but also the same rights.”
The bishop also accused the health committee of “religious ignorance” regarding the role of the Catholic Church and its 26,000 parishes.
Other bishops have called for a more patient approach. The vice president of Cei, Bishop Mario Meini of Fiesole, said that while the church will likely relaunch in the near future, it will take some time before things get back to normal.
“We will be forced to make further sacrifices: sacrifices in liturgy, in evangelization and in the witness of charity,” Meini told the Cei’s daily newspaper Avvenire.
“Phase Two will be long,” he said, expressing his hope that soon “we will return to celebrating Mass in the presence of our people. Although it’s clear that we won’t be allowed to have crowded churches.
“We will have to respect with prudence, firmness, wisdom and attention the imposed safety norms and regulations.”
